Sunday, December 26, 2004

Adverbs of Frequency

There are several adverbs that tell the reader or listener how frequent an action occurs.

These are listed from 100% to 0% in frequency with always indicating 100% frequency and never indicated 0% frequency.


Adverbs of Frequency list

always

often

frequently

usually

normally

sometimes

occasionally

seldom

rarely

never

In constructing a sentence with these adverbs, we commonly use the adverb before the verb.

I always make a plan before I travel.

She frequently stops to adjust her backpack.

Note: There are some collocations (word partnerships) which allow the adverb to follow the verb. For example, I can write

She stops frequently to adjust her backpack.

But this does not work with the verb make or many other verbs, so the sentence

*I make always a plan before I travel.

is not a good sentence.

When we use the present perfect, the adverb is put between the have/has auxiliary and the main verb which is a past participle.

I have never seen such a mess before in my life.

He has occasionally forgotten to bring his textbook.

In writing, the adverb can be put at the beginning of the sentence for emphasis. It is not commonly done, so when it is done, it makes a strong statement.

Frequently she stops to adjust her backpack.

Never have I seen such a mess.

Notice that with the present perfect, the auxiliary verb moves in front of the noun.

To repeat, putting the adverb first is not commonly done, so use it rarely if at all. I don't think I have used it in my own writing.

Saturday, December 25, 2004

Instead of for example

There are several ways to write and not use for example or for instance to introduce an example. Here are two sentence. The first sentence introduces a subtopic or support. The second sentence provides the specifics through use of example.

The bank has several helpful services. For example, it provides drive up services for cashing checks and withdrawing money, has an ATM machine for quick withdrawal or deposits when the bank is closed, and maintains a website where up-to-date information about a person's account is available.

Use in particular or specifically.

The bank has several helpful services. In particular, it provides drive up services for cashing checks and withdrawing money, has an ATM machine for making quick withdrawals or deposits when the bank is closed, and maintains a website where up-to-date information about a person's account is available.

The bank has several helpful services; in particular, it provides drive up services for cashing checks and withdrawing money, has an ATM machine for making quick withdrawals or deposits when the bank is closed, and maintains a website where up-to-date information about a person's account is available.

The bank has several helpful services. Specifically, it provides drive up services for cashing checks and withdrawing money, has an ATM machine for making quick withdrawals or deposits when the bank is closed, and maintains a website where up-to-date information about a person's account is available.

The bank has several helpful services; specifically, it provides drive up services for cashing checks and withdrawing money, has an ATM machine for making quick withdrawals or deposits when the bank is closed, and maintains a website where up-to-date information about a person's account is available.

Use such as or like.

The bank has several helpful services such as providing drive up services for cashing checks and withdrawing money, an ATM machine for making quick withdrawals or deposits when the bank is closed, and a website where up-to-date information about a person's account is available.

The bank has several helpful services like providing drive up services for cashing checks and withdrawing money, an ATM machine for making quick withdrawals or deposits when the bank is closed, and a website where up-to-date information about a person's account is available.

Begin with the examples.

My bank provides drive up services for cashing checks and withdrawing money, has an ATM machine for making quick withdrawals or deposits when the bank is closed, and maintains a website where up-to-date information about a person's account is available which are several helpful services for its customers.


Put the supports in a noun clause at the beginning of the sentence

Providing drive up services for cashing checks and withdrawing money, an ATM machine for quick withdrawals or deposits when the bank is closed, and a website with up-to-date information about a person’s account are several helpful services a bank provides for its customers.

Use the supports as direct objects of the subject (topic or area).

The bank provides drive up services for cashing checks and withdrawing money and an ATM machine for making quick withdrawals or deposits when the bank is closed along with a website where up-to-date information about a person’s account is available which are several helpful services for its customers.



Also there are several ways to make variations on for example/for instance such as by changing the word before the noun.

An example / an instance
Some examples / some instances
A few examples / a few instances
Several examples / several instances